来源:雪球App,作者: 明天的微笑333,(https://xueqiu.com/1626339190/108641299)
一、公司介绍
公司是低压电器市场的龙头企业,主要从事配电电器、终端电器、控制电器、电源电器、电子电器五大类低压电器产品的研发、生产和销售。公司历经由小及大的发展,建立了经验丰富的管理、研发、生产及营销团队,使“CHNT”、“正泰”成为了中国著名的低压电器品牌。2016年,公司经过重大资产重组注入光伏发电业务及资产,主营业务将由现有的低压电器及相关产品的研发、生产和销售扩展至光伏电站的开发、建设、运营、EPC工程总包及太阳能电池组件的制造及销售业务。
1.1对公司业绩营销较大的子公司情况如下表所示:
1.2公司高管及实际控制人
南存辉 男,1963 年出生,高级经济师。现任本公司董事长、总裁。正泰集团股份有限公司董事长、正泰电气股份有限公司董事长等职务。南存辉先生被推选为十二届全国政协常委、中华全国工商业联合会副主席、同时担任中国电器工业协会会长、中国工业经济联合会主席团主席、中国机械工业联合会副会长。
朱信敏 男,1965 年出生,大专学历,高级经营师。曾担任正泰集团公司副总经理、总裁等职务,现任正泰集团股份有限公司董事、副总裁,正泰电气股份有限公司董事,本公司董事,乐清市工商联主席、乐清市政协常委等社会职务。
仇展炜 男,1962 年出生,研究生学历,2008 年加入正泰,历任浙江正泰太阳能科技有限公司资深副总裁、总裁以及浙江正泰新能源开发有限公司总经理,现任浙江正泰新能源开发有限公司董事长,本公司董事。
二、行业概况
公司目前业务主要分为:低压电器部分和太阳能部分。
2.1低压电器。
低压电器一般定义为工作在1kv电压等级以下,对电路实现通断、控制、保护及检测的各类元器件,其下游应用于各个行业,电力、地产、工业及新能源四个领域占据近90%的需求。
低压电器主要应用于低压电网的电能输送、分配,市场空间超过 700 亿元人民币。低压电器包含终端电器、配电电器、控制电器、仪器仪表、建筑电器、电子电器、电子电器和控制系统等;
低压电器景气度与电网基建、建筑行业和制造业紧密相关,行业增速与 GDP 和社会固定资产投资水平有很大的相关性。
2011-2016 年国家固定资产投资增速下降明显,2017 年增速为 7%,2018 年预计为 6.5%,可见增速已经企稳,未来不太出现大幅下降的可能性。2015-2016 年低压电器明显进入谷底,1.6%的增速明显低于固定资产投资增速。因此我们也是预测 2017 年行业会触底反弹,有望达到 8%-10%的增速。同时下游建筑、配网、工控和电信行业都有较好的景气度,因此我们认为2018-2020 年低压电器行业有望保持 8%-10%的增长。
正泰电器近几年的市场占有率如下表所示:
我国低压电器行业按照技术水平和市场定位主要分为三类。第一类是国外厂商施耐德、ABB、西门子等,这些企业多属于国际知名品牌,掌握了高端产品技术,占据高端市场,产品附加值较高,毛利率水平行业最高;第二类是定位中端子行业的国内厂商,如良信电器、人民电器、常熟开关等,这类企业多专注于一两个子行业,销售对象主要是 B 端客户;第三类是面向于批发零售市场的国内厂商如正泰电器、德力西等,它们的产品覆盖面较广泛,也是市场规模最大的一个版块,同时竞争也是最严峻的,很大程度依赖经销商的规模。
2.2光伏组件。
根据 4 月 22 日 solarzoom 数据库,单晶硅料价格不低于 130 元/公斤、多晶硅料价格在 126-128 元/公斤;多晶高效硅片价格在 3.66 元/片左右,单晶硅片价格为4.45-4.5 元/片;PERC 电池片价格为1.55-1.57 元/w;组件方面,单晶 PERC 组件价格为 2.65-2.75 元/w,多晶组件价格为 2.45-2.5 元/w。
2017 年市场组件均价下跌了近 14%,公司太阳能电池组件毛利率仅下降 1%,一方面得益于公司有 1.3GW 的电池片产能,能够满足一部分组件自供,可以节约成本;另一方面是公司的光伏电站开发能力强,组件下游需求好。
2.3 户用光伏。
我国幅员辽阔,人口众多,尤其是农村地区,屋顶资源丰富,特别适合户用式分布光伏的发展。据国家电网统计数据,2015 年居民分布式光伏新增并网2
万户,2016 年新增并网 15 万户。根据国家电网公司发布的《促进新能源发展白皮书 2018》中数据,2017 年全国新增户用光伏 46.5 万户,是 2016 年的 3.1
倍。2017 年,国家电网经营区新增接入居民分布式光伏发电并网户数 31.5 万户,是 2016 年新增并网户数的 4.5 倍。新增并网容量 307.6 万千瓦,同比增长 208%。
未来随着政策的支持和技术成本的进一步下降,户用式光伏将保持高速的发展速度,各个企业已经看到这一块市场蛋糕,正在跑马圈地,我们预计 2018年新增户用光伏总量为 60-80 万户。
三、公司经营
3.1 收入成本毛利分析
公司2017年实现营业收入 234.17 亿元,其中低压电器业务为 140.73亿元,同比增长 14.21%,增长持续加速,显示了低压电器业务提升取得了显著的效果;太阳能光伏业务实现主营收入 87.94 亿元,同比增长 18.16%,继续保持较高速增长。 公司低压电器业务的毛利率有所下降,主要系大宗原材料价格有所上涨所致,光伏业务的毛利率有所回升,主要系光伏产业相关成本随着技术进步和规模优势的不断扩展而不断下降所致,此外西部太阳能电站的弃光限电现象也有所好转。
低压电器业务稳健增长,光伏太阳能、电子电器和建筑电器等新兴产业达成了较高的增长。
3.2 研发情况。
3.3 原材料涨价与产品提价
公司低压电器生产公司生产所需主要原材料,铜、银、钢材及塑料等采购成本占产品总成本比重 80%以上,当原材料价格出现较大幅度波动时,经营收益会受到直接影响。下图为近十年铜价和公司毛利率水平的变化情况,可以看到公司产品毛利率与铜价呈一定程度的负相关。
公司2017年12月8日低压电器产品提价2%-4%,2018年5月低压电器龙头发布产品调价通知,调价涉及产品覆盖面较广,平均提价幅度在3%-6%之间。今年以来伦铜在 6550 至 7250 美元/吨之间震荡,若后续铜价保持相对稳定,预计今年低压电器产品毛利率将稳步提升。
3.4 股权质押
股权质押总量占总股本的5.83%,占流通股的7.38%。
3.5 员工持股计划
集团员工与公司经销商持股计划即国泰-固本资产管理计划(以下简称“固本资管计划”)已累计买入公司股票32,231,854股,成交均价约为22.873元/股,合计总成交金额为737,239,196.54元,买入股票数量占公司总股本的1.4982%。
3.6 逆变器扩产
以光伏、风电为代表的新能源正在快速发展,逆变器是重要的电子电器设备。公司目前具有 1.75GW 的产能,产销率达到 94.75%,未来公司还将继续扩产,2018
年 6 月将达到 3GW。公司的电子电器业务2017 年销售量为 13.95 万台,实现
6.11 亿元,同比增长27.52%,每台的售价在 4300 元左右,毛利率为 36.73%
,较去年提高 3.41 个百分点。可看到电子电器是单品附加值较高的产品,未来公司该板块业务有望保持 25%-30%的增长,毛利率较保持高位。
3.7 正泰新能源。
太阳能业务是公司在 2016 年通过增发向控股股东正泰集团等收购了正泰新能源开发,新业务的注入让公司换发新活力,业绩快速增长。其主营业务为太阳能电池组件、光伏电站工程承包和电站运行三部分。公司有着很强的系统集成能力,同时公司的电池和组件成本和技术能力都在行业领先位臵,公司有2gw的组件产能,1.3gw 的电池片产能,未来电池片会扩产到2gw,新上的产能都是采用单晶技术路线,公司也与隆基股份有很紧密的合作,公司采购单晶硅片的价格比市场价略低,因此公司的组件具备高效和成本的优势。
3.8 电池组件
设计产能1200的单晶2018年5月份投产,对业绩会有一定的贡献。
3.9电站运营
公司2017 年国内集中式电站1.6GW 装机,年发电量 17 亿度(平价发电小时数为 1069.07 小时,远低于全国平均水平1300 小时),电费收入为 13.6 亿元,实现营业利润 4 亿元。这 1.6GW 的集中电站多处在日照条件较好的地区,年发电量远低于理论值。可能的原因就是一弃光限电,二是 2017 年新建电站,发电小时数较少。从年报披露的数据来看,期初持有电站 1547MW,期末持有电站
2315MW,出售电站 115MW,因此可以看到公司 2017 年新增电站约有 880MW。2017 年公司运营分布式光伏电站 571MW,发电量为 4.25 亿度、电费收入 3.4亿元,实现营业利润 2.15 亿元。可见分布式光伏的利润率更高。未来公司也表示将在分布式和户用光伏投入更多精力。
3.10 2018年6月1日,国家发展改革委、财政部、国家能源局日前印发通知要求,合理把握发展节奏,优化光伏发电新增建设规模;加快光伏发电补贴退坡,降低补贴强度。通知称,自发文之日起,新投运的光伏电站标杆上网电价每千瓦时统一降低0.05元,新投运的、采用“自发自用、余电上网”模式的分布式光伏发电项目,全电量度电补贴标准降低0.05元。由上公司2017年集中式和分布式发电约21亿度电,每度电降0.05元,则对公司业绩的影响约为1亿元。
3.11 出售电站。
2017年12月31日,公司子公司新能源开发与浙江省水利水电投资集团有限公司(以下简称水利水电)签约,作价538,967,600元向其出售新能源开发持有的甘肃、宁夏地区9个光伏电站项目公司各51%股权。截至2018年一季度末,各项目公司已办妥工商变更登记手续。本次交易涉及的光伏电站容量合计 405MW,本次交易金额合计 5.39 亿元,预计增加正泰新能源 2018 年净利润约 2.9 亿元。
3.12 户用光伏。正泰在 2017 年完成 4 万户的安装,已经领跑全国行业,这与正泰具备品牌、技术和经销商优势是不分开的。2018 年公司目标达到 20 万户的安装,根据预测 2018年户用的总量在 60-80 万户,正泰的全国市场占有率将达到接近 30%,无疑成为行业龙头。
3.13 高管减持
四、财务分析(单位:亿元)
4.1 利润表
公司2017年收入234亿,较上年增长16.13%,净利润26.32亿,较上年增长64.96%。2018年1季度收入较上年增长27.99%,扣非后净利润增长85.59%。期间费用率15.61%,上年为15.01%,几乎与上年持平。
2018年1季度投资净收益2.36亿是1季报中并未公布,应该是出售光伏电站股权的收益。
4.2资产负债表
截止至2017年末,公司总资产441亿,总负债236亿,资产负债率53.41%。2015年的报表和往后年度的数值的差异较大是因为2016年公司收购了控股股东的光伏资产。
总资产中,流动资产和非流动资产分别为210亿和231亿。总资产中,提供保证金或质押、抵押的资产总额为90.43亿。
流动资产中,货币资金68亿,其中6亿使用受限,较上年增加32亿,为主要收到募集资金43.3亿元。
应收票据24亿,较上年增加5亿,其中被用于质押担保的有12亿。
应收账款65亿。非光伏占25亿,一年以内的占85%;光伏占24亿,一年以内占90%;光伏行业中对国家电网和国内电力公司的应收16亿,并未计提坏账准备。装机容量为1,491.73MW的电站项目所对应的电费收益权用于借款质押,期末该等收益权所指电费形成应收账款余额为13.8亿元。
其他应收款2018年1季度增加8亿,主要是本季度电站的出售导致的。
存货2017年较上年末增加了12亿,增长了60%,主要系电站存货增加。
其他流动资产较上年减少19亿,主要系银行理财产品本期到期赎回。
固定资产161亿中,其中57.88亿都被抵押担保了,占比最大的是光伏电站,年初光伏电站余额109亿,在建工程转入了20亿,企业合并并入了19亿,处置或出售了5.24亿,期末账面价值125亿。
负债中,流动负债和非流动负债分别为130亿和105亿。
短期借款21亿,较上年减少11亿,主要是还了12亿的保证借款。
长期借款90亿,增加了16亿保证借款。
由此我们看到,公司借了长期的借款还了短期借款,使资本结构更加稳定。
4.3现金流量表
经营活动净现金流近几年都是净流入,且经营活动净现金流量都略大于当期净利润。
投资活动净现金流近几年都是净流出,但经营性净现金流的流入都能覆盖投资活动净现金流的流出。
筹资活动中,2016年借款66亿,还债51亿,收到的其他与筹资活动有关的现金15亿主要是筹资性资金拆借,2017年吸收投资44亿,借款39亿,还款38亿,筹资活动产生的现金流量净额为31.85亿。
4.4财务指标
公司净周转天数基本都为四十多天。资产负债率较高。由于光伏行业毛利率较低压电器低,公司2016年并入61%的权益,2017年并入剩下部分。光伏份额的提升使得公司盈利能力走低。
五、估值与小结
正泰电器作为国内低压电器龙头,2016年收购控股母公司的子公司新能源开发公司,合并日为2016年1月2日,合并取得的权益为61.98%,2016年净利润7.7亿,2015年净利润0.66亿。2016年12月,持股权益由61.98%增加到99.44%。即2016年并表了61.98%,2017年并表了剩下的38%。我们提出几个假设:
假设一:2016年新能源开发公司并未并表,则从2016年净利润中扣除4.77亿,当年净利润为17.08亿,较上年减少4.4%。可得出结论,2016年度低压电器业绩是-4.4%的增速。
假设二:2016年并表了100%的新能源开发公司权益,则合并口径2016年正泰电器净利润为1.81+21.85=23.66亿,相较于2017年28.4亿的净利润,2017年度光伏+低压电器业绩增速为20%。
假设三:2018年一季度并未出售甘肃、宁夏地区9个光伏电站项目公司各51%股权,2018年一季度净利润减少2.36亿,则其净利润为3.77亿,同比增长5%。考虑到一季度一般为光伏行业的淡季,全年应高于5%的增速。
由于盈利预测需给出收入增速,该假设数值直接决定的公司最终的利润,对结果影响较大,且非常不准确。这里只给出对业绩影响的应考虑因素:
1、公司有400余座电站,随便出售几座便能轻易调节公司利润。
2、设计产能1200的单晶2018年5月份投产。
3、2018年户用光伏若拓展10万户和20万户,相较于去年4万户的增加了6万户和16万户,以每万户贡献1.8亿收入测算,则可多贡献10.8亿和28.8亿收入,毛利润则分别增加约1.87亿和5亿,净利润贡献增量1.4亿和3.75亿。(假设没有费用)
4、组件价格继续下降。
5、国家上网电价每度下调5分,对业绩影响约为-1亿元。
6、2018年6月1日,国家发改委、财政部、国家能源局联合发布《关于2018年光伏发电有关事项的通知》(下称《通知》),其中提出暂不安排2018年普通光伏电站建设规模,今年仅安排1000万千瓦(10吉瓦)规模用于分布式光伏项目,并自发文之日起对新投运的光伏电站标杆上网电价每千瓦时统一降低0.05元。这一文件被视为史上最严苛的光伏政策,意味着整个光伏行业政策风向的重大转变。
下半年只批10GW分布式,公司太阳能组建业务和光伏电站工程承包业务的减少对公司影响较大。
资料来源:年报、半年报、季报、新时代证券、申万宏源证券、 证券研报、公司官网以及各位球友。
$正泰电器(SH601877)$ @今日话题
股市有风险,入市需谨慎,勿要以此文形成买卖依据。
{"title":["科目\时间",["净利润","元",0,false,true],["净利润同比增长率","",0,false,true],["扣非净利润","元",0,false,true],["扣非净利润同比增长率","",0,false,true],["营业总收入","元",0,false,true],["营业总收入同比增长率","",0,false,true],["基本每股收益","元",0,false,true],["每股净资产","元",0,false,true],["每股资本公积金","元",0,false,true],["每股未分配利润","元",0,false,true],["每股经营现金流","元",0,false,true],["销售净利率","",0,false,true],["销售毛利率","",0,false,true],["净资产收益率","",0,false,true],["净资产收益率-摊薄","",0,false,true],["营业周期","天",0,false,true],["存货周转率","次",0,false,true],["存货周转天数","天",0,false,true],["应收账款周转天数","天",0,false,true],["流动比率","",0,false,true],["速动比率","",0,false,true],["保守速动比率","",0,false,true],["产权比率","",0,false,true],["资产负债率","",0,false,true]],"report":[["2024-06-30","2024-03-31","2023-12-31","2023-09-30","2023-06-30","2023-03-31","2022-12-31","2022-09-30","2022-06-30","2022-03-31","2021-12-31","2021-06-30","2020-12-31","2019-12-31","2018-12-31"],["8305.80万","3363.52万","1.59亿","1.07亿","6620.75万","1708.26万","1.30亿","8339.54万","4914.67万","996.04万","1.41亿","4454.99万","1.18亿","1.37亿","1.20亿"],["25.45%","96.90%","22.80%","28.69%","34.71%","71.50%","-7.73%",false,"10.32%",false,"18.66%",false,"-13.47%","14.34%",false],["4925.82万","1713.52万","1.21亿","9052.60万","5481.13万","1174.29万","1.12亿",false,"3974.12万","665.90万","1.08亿","3253.56万","1.06亿","9143.05万","7123.99万"],["-10.13%","45.92%","7.78%",false,"37.92%","76.35%","3.57%",false,"22.15%",false,"2.04%",false,"15.78%","28.34%",false],["5.02亿","2.35亿","11.28亿","8.29亿","5.45亿","2.41亿","11.57亿","7.93亿","5.05亿","1.91亿","10.41亿","4.18亿","7.97亿","6.86亿","5.49亿"],["-7.87%","-2.48%","-2.52%","4.47%","7.88%","26.29%","11.18%",false,"20.81%",false,"30.50%",false,"16.33%","24.94%",false],["0.1963","0.0795","0.3861","0.2623","0.1647","0.0448","0.3406","0.2189","0.1290","0.0300","0.3700","0.1200","0.3300",false,false],["4.07","4.11","4.03","3.90","3.81","3.76","3.61",false,"3.40",false,"3.27","3.01","2.58","2.30","2.48"],["1.16","1.16","1.16","1.16","1.16","1.15","0.87",false,"0.87",false,"0.86","0.86","0.86","0.06","0.0100"],["1.80","1.83","1.75","1.64","1.54","1.49","1.61",false,"1.43",false,"1.30","1.09","0.67","1.06","1.31"],["0.29","0.05","0.83","0.50","0.43","0.11","0.71",false,"0.32",false,"0.88","0.19","0.56","0.91","0.88"],["17.05%","14.65%","14.58%","13.16%","12.28%","7.06%","11.29%","10.58%","9.74%","5.25%","13.61%","10.74%","15.28%","20.61%","22.54%"],["35.17%","33.78%","35.08%","35.12%","34.63%","29.21%","31.88%","32.07%","30.71%","30.13%","33.93%","34.67%","39.00%","43.39%","46.50%"],["4.78%","1.95%","10.04%","6.93%","4.41%","1.24%","9.91%",false,"3.87%",false,"11.99%","4.43%","13.26%","16.03%","13.45%"],["4.82%","1.93%","9.34%","6.49%","4.11%","1.07%","9.44%",false,"3.80%",false,"11.30%","3.89%","12.04%","16.59%","15.44%"],["137.37","145.65","116.49","122.54","115.63","127.65","98.21",false,"103.37",false,"93.91","123.74","119.55","126.48","141.93"],["8.61","4.11","22.36","16.91","12.27","5.86","30.98",false,"12.93",false,"26.57","9.11","11.21","8.76","9.73"],["20.91","21.92","16.10","15.97","14.67","15.36","11.62",false,"13.92",false,"13.55","19.76","32.11","41.10","37.00"],["116.47","123.73","100.39","106.57","100.96","112.29","86.59",false,"89.45",false,"80.36","103.98","87.44","85.39","104.93"],["0.96","1.01","0.94","0.96","0.92","1.01","0.75",false,"0.80",false,"0.71","0.71","0.72","0.80","0.98"],["0.84","0.88","0.83","0.86","0.83","0.93","0.68",false,"0.72",false,"0.63","0.64","0.65","0.69","0.86"],["0.70","0.73","0.69","0.72","0.67","0.78","0.56",false,"0.57",false,"0.54","0.57","0.58","0.67","0.80"],["1.12","1.07","1.10","1.18","1.24","1.30","1.51",false,"1.51",false,"1.55","1.66","1.76","2.03","2.07"],["52.10%","51.09%","51.72%","53.45%","54.76%","55.78%","59.35%",false,"59.40%",false,"60.17%","61.82%","63.02%","65.19%","65.85%"]],"simple":[["2024-06-30","2024-03-31","2023-12-31","2023-09-30","2023-06-30","2023-03-31","2022-12-31","2022-09-30","2022-06-30","2022-03-31"],["4942.28万","3363.52万","5199.46万","4111.15万","4912.49万","1708.26万","4633.94万","3424.87万","3918.62万","996.04万"],["0.61%","96.90%","12.20%","20.04%","25.36%","71.50%",false,false,false,false],["3212.31万","1713.52万","3005.99万","3571.48万","4306.83万","1174.29万","1.12亿","-3974.12万","3308.22万","665.90万"],["-25.41%","45.92%","-73.13%","189.87%","30.19%","76.35%",false,false,false,false],["2.67亿","2.35亿","2.99亿","2.84亿","3.04亿","2.41亿","3.64亿","2.88亿","3.14亿","1.91亿"],["-12.15%","-2.48%","-17.77%","-1.51%","-3.33%","26.29%",false,false,false,false],["0.1200","0.0795","0.1200","0.1000","0.1200","0.0448","0.1200","0.0900","0.1000","0.0300"],["4.07","4.11","4.03","3.90","3.81","3.76","3.61",false,"3.40",false],["1.16","1.16","1.16","1.16","1.16","1.15","0.87",false,"0.87",false],["1.80","1.83","1.75","1.64","1.54","1.49","1.61",false,"1.43",false],["0.24","0.05","0.33","0.07","0.31","0.11",null,null,null,false],["17.05%","14.65%","14.58%","13.16%","12.28%","7.06%","11.29%","10.58%","9.74%","5.25%"],["36.40%","33.78%","34.96%","36.06%","38.95%","29.21%","31.48%","34.46%","31.05%","30.13%"],["2.83%","1.95%","3.11%","2.52%","3.17%","1.24%",false,false,false,false],["2.88%","1.93%","2.84%","2.39%","3.03%","1.07%",false,false,false,false],["137.37","145.65","116.49","122.54","115.63","127.65","98.21",false,"103.37",false],["4.50","4.11","5.45","4.64","6.41","5.86",null,null,null,false],["20.91","21.92","16.10","15.97","14.67","15.36","11.62",false,"13.92",false],["116.47","123.73","100.39","106.57","100.96","112.29","86.59",false,"89.45",false],["0.96","1.01","0.94","0.96","0.92","1.01","0.75",false,"0.80",false],["0.84","0.88","0.83","0.86","0.83","0.93","0.68",false,"0.72",false],["0.70","0.73","0.69","0.72","0.67","0.78","0.56",false,"0.57",false],["1.12","1.07","1.10","1.18","1.24","1.30","1.51",false,"1.51",false],["52.10%","51.09%","51.72%","53.45%","54.76%","55.78%","59.35%",false,"59.40%",false]],"year":[[2023,2022,2021,2020,2019,2018],["1.59亿","1.30亿","1.41亿","1.18亿","1.37亿","1.20亿"],["22.80%","-7.73%","18.66%","-13.47%","14.34%",false],["1.21亿","1.12亿","1.08亿","1.06亿","9143.05万","7123.99万"],["7.78%","3.57%","2.04%","15.78%","28.34%",false],["11.28亿","11.57亿","10.41亿","7.97亿","6.86亿","5.49亿"],["-2.52%","11.18%","30.50%","16.33%","24.94%",false],["0.3861","0.3406","0.3700","0.3300",false,false],["4.03","3.61","3.27","2.58","2.30","2.48"],["1.16","0.87","0.86","0.86","0.06","0.0100"],["1.75","1.61","1.30","0.67","1.06","1.31"],["0.83","0.71","0.88","0.56","0.91","0.88"],["14.58%","11.29%","13.61%","15.28%","20.61%","22.54%"],["35.08%","31.88%","33.93%","39.00%","43.39%","46.50%"],["10.04%","9.91%","11.99%","13.26%","16.03%","13.45%"],["9.34%","9.44%","11.30%","12.04%","16.59%","15.44%"],["116.49","98.21","93.91","119.55","126.48","141.93"],["22.36","30.98","26.57","11.21","8.76","9.73"],["16.10","11.62","13.55","32.11","41.10","37.00"],["100.39","86.59","80.36","87.44","85.39","104.93"],["0.94","0.75","0.71","0.72","0.80","0.98"],["0.83","0.68","0.63","0.65","0.69","0.86"],["0.69","0.56","0.54","0.58","0.67","0.80"],["1.10","1.51","1.55","1.76","2.03","2.07"],["51.72%","59.35%","60.17%","63.02%","65.19%","65.85%"]],"report_yoy":[["2024-06-30","2024-03-31","2023-12-31","2023-09-30","2023-06-30","2023-03-31","2022-12-31","2022-09-30","2022-06-30","2022-03-31","2021-12-31","2021-06-30","2020-12-31","2019-12-31","2018-12-31"],[25.45104407,96.89742779,22.79943392,28.68695396,34.71402963,71.50516044,-7.72878829,false,10.31831721,false,18.65674665,false,-13.47356876,14.34474616,false],[-26.67819072,35.52447552,394.95472186,false,236.3372093,false,-141.42550911,false,false,false,238.53006682,false,-193.93305439,false,false],[-10.13130504,45.91966209,7.78473783,false,37.92059626,76.34629824,3.56815543,false,22.14681764,false,2.04231619,false,15.78215147,28.34170177,false],[-126.71413502,-39.85592665,117.92717087,false,71.19638826,false,75,false,false,false,-87.07224335,false,-44.31898377,false,false],[-7.86937293,-2.48081682,-2.52133266,4.4692117,7.87918346,26.28625307,11.178032,false,20.80689926,false,30.49911082,false,16.32708713,24.93662883,false],[-199.87309645,-109.43324458,-122.54025045,false,-62.13358962,false,-63.3442623,false,false,false,86.77281078,false,-34.52285485,false,false],[19.18639951,77.45535714,13.35877863,19.82640475,27.6744186,49.33333333,-7.94594595,false,7.5,false,12.12121212,false,false,false,false],[6.82414698,9.30851064,11.63434903,false,12.05882353,false,10.39755352,false,12.95681063,false,26.74418605,false,12.17391304,-7.25806452,false],[0,0.86956522,33.33333333,false,33.33333333,false,1.1627907,false,1.1627907,false,0,false,1333.33333333,500,false],[16.88311688,22.81879195,8.69565217,false,7.69230769,false,23.84615385,false,31.19266055,false,94.02985075,false,-36.79245283,-19.08396947,false],[-32.55813953,-54.54545455,16.90140845,false,34.375,false,-19.31818182,false,68.42105263,false,57.14285714,false,-38.46153846,3.40909091,false],[38.84364821,107.50708215,29.1408326,24.38563327,26.07802875,34.47619048,-17.04628949,false,-9.31098696,false,-10.92931937,false,-25.86123241,-8.56255546,false],[1.55934161,15.64532694,10.03764115,9.5104459,12.7645718,-3.05343511,-6.04185087,false,-11.42197866,false,-13,false,-10.1175386,-6.68817204,false],[8.39002268,57.25806452,1.31180626,false,13.95348837,false,-17.34778982,false,-12.64108352,false,-9.57767722,false,-17.28009981,19.18215613,false],[17.27493917,80.37383178,-1.05932203,false,8.15789474,false,-16.46017699,false,-2.31362468,false,-6.1461794,false,-27.42616034,7.44818653,false],[18.80134913,14.10105758,18.61317585,false,11.86030763,false,4.57885209,false,-16.46193632,false,-21.44709327,false,-5.47912713,-10.88564785,false],[-29.82885086,-29.86348123,-27.82440284,false,-5.10440835,false,16.59766654,false,41.93194292,false,137.0205174,false,27.96803653,-9.96916752,false],[42.53578732,42.70833333,38.55421687,false,5.38793103,false,-14.24354244,false,-29.55465587,false,-57.801308,false,-21.87347932,11.08108108,false],[15.36251981,10.18790631,15.93717519,false,12.86752376,false,7.75261324,false,-13.97384112,false,-8.09698079,false,2.4007495,-18.62193844,false],[4.34782609,0,25.33333333,false,15,false,5.63380282,false,12.67605634,false,-1.38888889,false,-10,-18.36734694,false],[1.20481928,-5.37634409,22.05882353,false,15.27777778,false,7.93650794,false,12.5,false,-3.07692308,false,-5.79710145,-19.76744186,false],[4.47761194,-6.41025641,23.21428571,false,17.54385965,false,3.7037037,false,0,false,-6.89655172,false,-13.43283582,-16.25,false],[-9.67741935,-17.69230769,-27.15231788,false,-17.8807947,false,-2.58064516,false,-9.03614458,false,-11.93181818,false,-13.30049261,-1.93236715,false],[-4.85756026,-8.40803155,-12.85593934,false,-7.81144781,false,-1.36280538,false,-3.91459075,false,-4.52237385,false,-3.3287314,-1.0022779,false]],"simple_yoy":[["2024-06-30","2024-03-31","2023-12-31","2023-09-30","2023-06-30","2023-03-31","2022-12-31","2022-09-30","2022-06-30","2022-03-31"],[0.60641345,96.89742779,12.20386971,20.03813283,25.36275526,71.50516044,false,false,false,false],[-97.59463722,35.52447552,false,false,false,false,false,false,false,false],[-25.41358726,45.91966209,-73.13119991,189.86844886,30.18571921,76.34629824,false,false,false,false],[-184.1669427,-39.85592665,false,false,false,false,false,false,false,false],[-12.15426765,-2.48081682,-17.76615315,-1.50777435,-3.32570038,26.28625307,false,false,false,false],[-264.86486486,-109.43324458,false,false,false,false,false,false,false,false],[0,77.45535714,0,11.11111111,20,49.33333333,false,false,false,false],[6.82414698,9.30851064,11.63434903,false,12.05882353,false,false,false,false,false],[0,0.86956522,33.33333333,false,33.33333333,false,false,false,false,false],[16.88311688,22.81879195,8.69565217,false,7.69230769,false,false,false,false,false],[-22.58064516,-54.54545455,false,false,false,false,false,false,false,false],[38.84364821,107.50708215,29.1408326,24.38563327,26.07802875,34.47619048,false,false,false,false],[-6.54685494,15.64532694,11.05463787,4.64306442,25.44283414,-3.05343511,false,false,false,false],[-10.72555205,57.25806452,false,false,false,false,false,false,false,false],[-4.95049505,80.37383178,false,false,false,false,false,false,false,false],[18.80134913,14.10105758,18.61317585,false,11.86030763,false,false,false,false,false],[-29.79719189,-29.86348123,false,false,false,false,false,false,false,false],[42.53578732,42.70833333,38.55421687,false,5.38793103,false,false,false,false,false],[15.36251981,10.18790631,15.93717519,false,12.86752376,false,false,false,false,false],[4.34782609,0,25.33333333,false,15,false,false,false,false,false],[1.20481928,-5.37634409,22.05882353,false,15.27777778,false,false,false,false,false],[4.47761194,-6.41025641,23.21428571,false,17.54385965,false,false,false,false,false],[-9.67741935,-17.69230769,-27.15231788,false,-17.8807947,false,false,false,false,false],[-4.85756026,-8.40803155,-12.85593934,false,-7.81144781,false,false,false,false,false]],"simple_mom":[["2024-06-30","2024-03-31","2023-12-31","2023-09-30","2023-06-30","2023-03-31","2022-12-31","2022-09-30","2022-06-30","2022-03-31"],[46.9377319,-35.31020529,26.47215499,-16.31229784,187.57273483,-63.13590595,35.30265382,-12.60009901,293.41994297,false],[-99.37048504,694.26229508,-39.12175649,-20.97791798,-64.53146853,false,false,false,false,false],[87.46848592,-42.99648369,-15.833492,-17.07404286,266.76034029,-89.50370319,381.51288839,-220.12864924,396.80432497,false],[-155.33536585,162.79228771,-138.51582662,528.91685989,-60.45841519,false,false,false,false,false],[13.28251068,-21.31272209,5.39291595,-6.4934874,25.75702444,-33.64631092,26.23005316,-8.21938934,64.27720166,false],[-389.91935484,86.0438942,-1076.82119205,54.65465465,-112.66641308,false,false,false,false,false],[50.94339623,-33.75,20,-16.66666667,167.85714286,-62.66666667,33.33333333,-10,233.33333333,false],[-0.97323601,1.98511166,3.33333333,2.36220472,1.32978723,4.15512465,false,false,false,false],[0,0,0,0,0.86956522,32.18390805,false,false,false,false],[-1.63934426,4.57142857,6.70731707,6.49350649,3.3557047,-7.45341615,false,false,false,false],[380,-84.84848485,371.42857143,-77.41935484,181.81818182,false,false,false,false,false],[16.38225256,0.48010974,10.79027356,7.16612378,73.93767705,-37.46678477,6.71077505,8.62422998,85.52380952,false],[7.75606868,-3.37528604,-3.05047144,-7.41976893,33.34474495,-7.21092757,-8.64770749,10.98228663,3.05343511,false],[45.12820513,-37.29903537,23.41269841,-20.50473186,155.64516129,false,false,false,false,false],[49.22279793,-32.04225352,18.82845188,-21.12211221,183.17757009,false,false,false,false,false],[-5.68486097,25.0321916,-4.93716338,5.9759578,-9.41637289,29.9765808,false,false,false,false],[9.48905109,-24.58715596,17.45689655,-27.61310452,9.38566553,false,false,false,false,false],[-4.60766423,36.14906832,0.8140263,8.86162236,-4.4921875,32.1858864,false,false,false,false],[-5.86761497,23.24932762,-5.79900535,5.5566561,-10.08994568,29.68010163,false,false,false,false],[-4.95049505,7.44680851,-2.08333333,4.34782609,-8.91089109,34.66666667,false,false,false,false],[-4.54545455,6.02409639,-3.48837209,3.61445783,-10.75268817,36.76470588,false,false,false,false],[-4.10958904,5.79710145,-4.16666667,7.46268657,-14.1025641,39.28571429,false,false,false,false],[4.6728972,-2.72727273,-6.77966102,-4.83870968,-4.61538462,-13.90728477,false,false,false,false],[1.9769035,-1.21809745,-3.23666978,-2.39225712,-1.82861241,-6.01516428,false,false,false,false]],"year_yoy":[[2023,2022,2021,2020,2019,2018],[22.79943392,-7.72878829,18.65674665,-13.47356876,14.34474616,false],[394.95472186,-141.42550911,238.53006682,-193.93305439,false,false],[7.78473783,3.56815543,2.04231619,15.78215147,28.34170177,false],[117.92717087,75,-87.07224335,-44.31898377,false,false],[-2.52133266,11.178032,30.49911082,16.32708713,24.93662883,false],[-122.54025045,-63.3442623,86.77281078,-34.52285485,false,false],[13.35877863,-7.94594595,12.12121212,false,false,false],[11.63434903,10.39755352,26.74418605,12.17391304,-7.25806452,false],[33.33333333,1.1627907,0,1333.33333333,500,false],[8.69565217,23.84615385,94.02985075,-36.79245283,-19.08396947,false],[16.90140845,-19.31818182,57.14285714,-38.46153846,3.40909091,false],[29.1408326,-17.04628949,-10.92931937,-25.86123241,-8.56255546,false],[10.03764115,-6.04185087,-13,-10.1175386,-6.68817204,false],[1.31180626,-17.34778982,-9.57767722,-17.28009981,19.18215613,false],[-1.05932203,-16.46017699,-6.1461794,-27.42616034,7.44818653,false],[18.61317585,4.57885209,-21.44709327,-5.47912713,-10.88564785,false],[-27.82440284,16.59766654,137.0205174,27.96803653,-9.96916752,false],[38.55421687,-14.24354244,-57.801308,-21.87347932,11.08108108,false],[15.93717519,7.75261324,-8.09698079,2.4007495,-18.62193844,false],[25.33333333,5.63380282,-1.38888889,-10,-18.36734694,false],[22.05882353,7.93650794,-3.07692308,-5.79710145,-19.76744186,false],[23.21428571,3.7037037,-6.89655172,-13.43283582,-16.25,false],[-27.15231788,-2.58064516,-11.93181818,-13.30049261,-1.93236715,false],[-12.85593934,-1.36280538,-4.52237385,-3.3287314,-1.0022779,false]]}
来源:雪球App,作者: 老虎八戒,(https://xueqiu.com/9561240987/146370114)
2019年选了36只自选股。其中30只翻了倍, 603466是剩下的6只之一。今天和球友们分享一下我所了解的风语筑。
1,不管造原子弹,还是卖茶叶蛋,企业的使命是创造利润。第1步,先看ROE,前3年都在15%以上,2019年只统计到第3季度,接近15%;投资回报率相当不错。
2,连续4年营收增长率保持在10%以上;增速也相当不错。
3,连续4年净利润增长率在20%以上;相当优秀。净利润增速远超营收增速,究其原因,不管是对于客户议价能力逐年增强,还是面对供应商控制成本更好,还是两者兼而有之。总之,营收大幅增长的同时,净利润增长的更快。
4,资产负债比率连续4年高于54%,换做制造类企业,仅这1条,我已经一票否决掉了。有些基金经理看到这里,可能不愿再深入研究了。我想,机构还没大举进入,或许这是原因之一吧。
上面所列1,2,3,都是加分项。
4,为存疑项。资产负债构成?比率合不合理,风险大不大?有必要进一步了解。
从第5、6可以看出,预收账款+应付账款,基本接近负债总额。原来是先收了客户的预付款+该付没付给供应商的货款构成了负债。
看到这里,松了口气。这样的负债,不但不用担心风险,反而说明很牛叉。
且慢,(图中7)现金流增长率-81.2421%!!!咋肥事呢?
赶紧看一下异动科目。
哦,原来是买了6个多亿的理财。(图中8)给我吓得!
再看看利润表,能不能对得上。
(图中9)财务费用连年为负,没有贷款利息,反而还有存款、理财收益。这就放心了!
(图中10)投资收益年年涨,给你点个赞!
(图中11)到这里了,就顺带看一营眼业利润吧,也是稳步增长。
会不会有商誉啥的呢?赶紧看看。
(图中12)4年来,没有通过并购来增加收入。好,不用担心商誉计提。
看一下盈利能力。
毛利率年年涨,接近30%。净利率也是年年涨,从9.17%涨到14.25%。这利润率虽不如白酒,在A股3600多家上市公司里,排在前300名,没问题吧?
净利率增速超过毛利率增速。优势逐步向头部企业集中,诚不欺我。
再来看看,有没有质押爆雷的风险呢?2018年太多的大额质押爆雷了。股价跌破警戒线、平仓线,券商平仓引发股价连续暴跌,可了不得。赶紧看看。
找遍特别提醒、资本运作、公司大事。都没有质押。这我就放心了。
2018年,3千多家上市公司,除去新上市公司,只有92家没有质押。603466是其中之一。
受益于风险排查,2018年天雷滚滚,没踩到雷,年收益23.45%,36只股中有2只入选年度10大牛股。
1,603466创办于2003年,已成长为展览展示行业的龙头企业。
2,李晖刚开始做模型的,咱们去售楼处看到的沙盘、楼盘的模型。对,就那些。
3,的华丽转身发生在2010年前后,上海世博会期间,展览展示企业集中攻关世博场馆,既为了高额利润,也为了标志性项目增加成功案例。李晖另辟蹊径,转身下沉到市、县一级,主攻城市规划、展览展示馆。等到竞争对手反应过来,风语筑的案例已遍地开花。地方领导考察,上这儿看,也是风语筑做的,上那儿看,也是风语筑做的。地方政府建场馆,第一要务是求安全。注重看实际案例。
4,的市占率有多高?综合市占率超40%,城市规划馆这一单项,超80%;我们从2018年上半年1个数据来看,风语筑中标率占该领域63%。
5,城市规划馆干嘛用的呢?就是活动的蓝图,给3类人看。
第1类,领导。省长、书记来地级市视察,地级市市长、书记到县里视察,必须看规划馆。
第2类,招商引资对象。投资商每到一地,地方领导必会请嘉宾到城市规划馆参观,介绍城市规划。
第3类,市民。看看城市规划,增强信心、自豪感。
创业者要拿到融资,必须要会做“让我们一起窒息”的PPT。地方领导要展示雄才大略、得到上级领导的肯定,要吸引客商投资,就做顶配的PPT——城市规划馆。
6,看的人重要,决定了决策人无一例外,是地方的主要领导。书记、市长亲自听汇报,做决策。为什么要讲这些看似无关的内容?涉及到行业的利润、回款、资源集中度。
既然市长、书记亲自听汇报、做决策。规划馆项目对领导来说这么重要。那么,实惠不是第一位的,主打性价比的公司可以pass了!第一,效果必须要好。第二,规定的时间内必须要完成,某某领导要来看。第三,造价好说,回款好说。
7,李晖有句很有名的话:把甲方做成乙方。建筑行业内的谁不梦想做到这个境界呢?所以的设计师和市场部,确实腰杆子是挺直的。
最低价中标?抱歉,我们不参加。
没有预付款?抱歉,我们不参加。
进度款要延期?抱歉,我们只能停工。款到账了,接到财务通知,我们才可以复工。
行业内都知道很牛叉,偏偏学不来。
那为什么客户不选别的展览公司呢?毕竟有好几家都上了市。这就涉及到护城河的问题,价投者应该会比较感兴趣。
8,说是展览行业的黄埔军校,应该没有质疑。李晖当初提出的“设计领衔,跨界总包”恰逢其时。风语筑的设计师可以说是业内最精英的。这些三十来岁的小年轻,汇报太多 次了,见惯了市长、书记。
我亲自参与过方案汇报。
一名30不到的年轻设计师,对市长、书记们侃侃而谈。领导们对精彩纷呈的案例不停问询:加一个5D影院费用多少?加一个球形荧幕费用多少?加一个全息费用多少?
汇报结束,原计划8千万布展预算,增加到1.2个亿。
9,搞土建的看不懂。我们盖一个规划馆大楼,这么多人,干一年多,这么多材料,造价才1个亿不到。你们这么点人,两、三个月就干完了。造价就1个多亿?
装饰装修的也看不懂。我们造价才一、两千一个平方,你们厉害,一万多一个平方。
搞审计的也看不懂。你们多媒体这块怎么审?这块没标准啊!装饰装修国家标准没法套用,市场询价也没法询。没有统一的市场价。有300多一秒,有报600多一秒,这也差太多了!这询价单我们没法做进资料。
10,应该怎么行业分类?有划分到建筑装饰行业,有划分为文体休闲。看了我上面这些碎碎念,球友们心中可能已有答案。
11,城市规划馆是不是一锤子买卖?有基金经理说城市规划馆建一次就完了,后面多少年都不会重建。土建是一锤子买卖,我赞同。但是布展并不是一锤子买卖。
市长换了、书记换了、思路换了、规划修编,内容都是要换的。换个照片什么的,不费钱。换多媒体展示内容?不便宜。一个小型县级场馆,三、五百万是起码的。平均每5年要更换一次。前面做的,基本不会换其他公司来做。
您说,风语筑有没有“睡后收入”?
12,说了这么多,挺累的,聊个八卦。
过鑫富何许人也?
老股民可能知道。牛散之一。002019鑫富药业(现更名为亿帆药业)创始人。创业成功上市后套现,转型为纯财务投资人。
13,写作文最后一般要点题。藏啥了?
截止2018年底,在手订单49个亿,一直没有计入财报。因为调整了会计准则,项目交付时才计入营收。按风语筑的规矩,合同签订,一般预付款30%。应有15个亿左右。是不是真有这个钱呢?我们找点蛛丝马迹佐证一下。
见惯了涂脂抹粉夸大营收的,好不容易见到费尽心机隐瞒营收的,一个总市值只有41亿的企业,要买35亿的理财,还真有点不习惯。是不是见多了垃圾公司,限制了我的想象?
为什么要隐藏?是为了延缓纳税?还是股票没吃饱?啥时候计入?
女孩的心思男孩你别猜,你猜来猜去就会把她爱。
最后,配一张我们调研的照片吧。
全文结束。
感谢球友们的厚爱。分享此帖,仅供球友们探讨交流。不作为荐股,请主动回避风险。
@历史课代表 @施洛斯008 @一米三水 @雪球达人秀 @玩赚组合 @方书颜 @谦和屋 @龙沙小宝石 @长征中的饭饭 @月下似是故人来 @素愫 @梁宏 @小兵oo9 @仓又加错-Leo @两条腿的书架子 @加班的会计 @正合奇胜天舒 @飞刀猩猩诸法空 @乐趣 @邢台草帽